Fontan Pathway Growth: A Quantitative Evaluation of Lateral Tunnel and Extracardiac Cavopulmonary Connections Using Serial Cardiac Magnetic Resonance

Fontan connections made using a lateral tunnel (LT) or extracardiac (EC) pathway were evaluated over time using MR. LT pathways generally increased in diameter while EC pathways did not. Normalized LT and EC diameters decreased relative to somatic growth, while descending aortic diameter increased in parallel with somatic growth. Changes in pathways over time are complex and require further investigation.