University of Capetown,South Africa.(B.Sc.1968)
Royal College of Surgeons,Dublin,Ireland(M.D.1974)
University of London,England(M.B.,B.S.1976)
Dalhousie University,Halifax,Nova Scotia,Canada,General Surgery Residency(1976-1980)
University of California Davis.Thoracic Residency(1980-1981)
Presbyterian Hopt.,Pacific Med.Center.SanFrancisco(1981-1982)Cardiovascular Fellow.
University of California,Los Angeles(1982-1983)Cardiothoracic Residency.
Fellow of the American College of Surgeons1987-present
American Board of Thoracic Surgery 1986-2016
Society of Thoracic Surgeons 1987-present
aortic dissections&aneurysmsendovascular surgerylung cancer managementhistory of medicineinteraction betweenlipids&atheroslerosisquality of care in multicultural environmentcomplex valve&coronary surgerydelivery of care in countries with political instabilityravages of smokingaccess to healthcare
